Democracy in the Educational Institution in 1945 … and today!

February 6th, 2010 No comments »
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I want to extrapolate on last year’s post about Democracy in the Classroom and apply the same principles to the Administration – Teacher/Faculty relationship in today’s educational institution.

The post then and now is based on an intriguing YouTube video from 1945 which I’ve embedded below for convenience.

I want to compare the four principle elements of a democratic society noted in the video (1. Shared Respect, 2. Shared Power, 3. Balance of Resources, and 4. Enlightenment), with the typical characteristics governing the public educational institution today (1. Disrespect, 2. Top-down Control, 3. Poor Allocation of Resources, and 4. Narrow Mindedness).

Granted, I don’t  believe the institution has swung to the opposite extreme of a democratic one. However, the tendency can trend in the wrong direction when any of the four characteristics are found wanting. This is the danger that must be avoided by maintaining a proper balance among the four characteristics.

Shared Respect
A democracy requires shared respect among its constituents. This means understanding and tolerance of different cultures, skin colors, practices, beliefs, and corresponding opinions. This fits with today’s emphasis on cultural diversity in the classroom.

Whether or not Admin and Faculty agree with one another, mutual respect must be the norm for every school if open discussion is to be promoted. When certain ideals are depreciated, they go underground and fester. Only a platform conducive to open dialogue and debate can make genuine progress that is in the best interests of all.

Shared Power
Shared power in a democracy means that decision making is supported by the community and is enforced by the community (I’m speaking of the community of stakeholders here as consisting of Admin and Faculty).

This can be carried out in schools where Admin allow Faculty input regarding best practices in the education process. Stakeholder participation to establish the rules of engagement as well as rewards and penalties to be imposed on infractions, communicates to the Faculty that they are part of the the community and exist as a facilitator of outcomes more than as a babysitter focusing on the next standardized assessment commanded by the institution.

Shared power in a democracy means the right of individuals to voluntarily vote. Volunteering to vote implies personal motivation which is a vital ingredient to the education equation: Faculty must be motivated toward agreed best-practices in teaching. In a school where faculty are granted an ownership stake, personal motivation to excel in such best-practices is enhanced.

Balance of Resources
In the 1945 film, this particular point focuses on the balance of economic resources by ensuring a strong, healthy, and dominant middle class. I apply this to schools by interpreting it to mean a balance of intellectual resources and access to resources among Teachers and Admin.

This notion of balanced resources goes back to Aristotle over two millennia ago and was reiterated at the founding of our nation by James Madison who explained that imbalance of resources causes conflict between groups of have’s and have nots.

I have seen this in schools and school districts when policies that are on the table for discussion serve mainly to isolate and polarize Admin and Faculty based on resources they naturally possess. Rather than encouraging discussion and debate, top-down dominance often ensues and democracy is stifled as minds close up to hidden strongholds rather than critically evaluate other viewpoints and options.

Enlightenment
This point has to do with free speech as a responsibility as well as a right. Free speech not only enlightens stakeholders, it also fuels their mind to judge, which grants them responsibility. Therefore, an education environment of free speech requires everyone to participate. It places the responsibility on the stakeholders to bring knowledge to light.

It does not mean some are free to be silent when a question is debated, but rather all bear the burden to ensure every point of view is presented so the entire institution can optimize best practices.

However, it bears noting that mere access to information alone is insufficient. Democracy in the educational institution means presentations of all sides of issues should be balanced. Sources should be disclosed. Otherwise, credibility could be questioned. Competence is assured by adequate disclosure.

Democracy in education is pivotal to encouraging personal motivation; a character issue that many stakeholders complain is lacking within the institution beyond the motivation of self- and/or position-preservation.

Shared respect and shared power, when understood by all stakeholders, empowers them to dig out the resources available among the community which in turn optimizes opportunities for enlightenment.

These four principles are not based on some new theory but on more than two thousand years of great thinking (the movie mentions Aristotle’s contribution). The bottom line is, when democracy is cared for, it thrives. When it is neglected, it diminishes.

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6 Ways to Use Twitter as a Listening Device…

February 4th, 2010 No comments »
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The Internet was originally designed to be a military communication tool (Arpanet) and transitioned to becoming as well, a storage device or repository for University researchers. As the world wide web evolved for the rest of us, email became the communication choice du jour and the ’90s witnessed a slew of tools and applications for improving our two way communication and archival needs related to the electronic mail phenomenon. Even text messaging on a mobile phone is a development created to more ubiquitously enable and empower this two way conversation need of us social creatures.

Web 2.0 (Social Web) created new platforms for multi-user (beyond two-way) communication that could be both synchronous and asynchronous. Subscribing-to, befriending, and following status updates on platforms such as Facebook, Myspace, Ning Networks, and the like, have allowed for new spaces of communication to emerge. These new spaces resided in a specific place or page where aggregated communiques could be archived.

Twitter is a unique development that allows for the pure mind-surfing thought feeds provided by the status update feature of former platforms. Rather than providing a new space for interactive communication, Twitter provided a portal for calls to action. Whereas the crowd has been gathering in so many “spaces” (Ning, LinkedIn, etc), Twitter is not space-centered but » Read more: 6 Ways to Use Twitter as a Listening Device…

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University partnerships new K-12 school. Trend toward education fix?

February 4th, 2010 No comments »
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Tech Park

The UA Tech Park contributes nearly $2.5 billion annually to Pima County’s economy and is one of the region’s largest employment centers hosting 38 business and educational organizations and employing more than 7,000 people.

The UA Tech Park will be home to the Vail Academy and High School, a new K-12 school that will emphasize math, science and engineering through partnerships with the UA and Tech Park tenants.

By University Communications February 3, 2010

Today, the Vail School District broke ground on the Vail Academy and High School, the district’s first K-12 school and the nation’s first K-12 school located at a university research park. 

Vail High School began offering classes at the University of Arizona Science and Technology Park in July 1997. The Vail Academy, a K-8 school, will join the already established Vail High School at a new site in the UA Tech Park. 

The UA Tech Park contributes nearly $2.5 billion annually to Pima County’s economy and is one of the region’s largest employment centers, hosting 38 business and educational organizations and employing more than 7,000 people. The Tech Park has been nationally recognized as one of the premier university research parks in North America. 

The $7 million Vail Academy and High School construction is funded by a Vail School District bond and will result in a 34,000 square foot facility scheduled to open in July 2010.

The K-12 school will house 225 K-8 students and 225 high school students. Each grade level will accommodate approximately 25 students. The small class size provides an interactive environment where students receive personal attention, said Vail Academy and High School Principal Dennis Barger.

Vail High School has been educating students since 1997 at the UA Tech Park and has been labeled an Excelling School by the Arizona Department of Education for four consecutive years. It is home to students who have won state and national championships in sports and academics. 

“Part of the focus of the new K-8 Academy will be to prepare kids for Vail High School. We plan on having a strong academic program and will emphasize math, science and engineering,” Barger said.

The K-12 model, Barger said, allows the curriculum to build on the previous grades’ teaching, which provides a consistent educational foundation and the development of vast knowledge around important concepts.

Part of the incentive for having the K-12 academy located at the UA Tech Park, Barger said, can be seen in successful partnerships Vail High School has developed with Tech Park companies. Innovative programs include real-world business experience offered to students through part-time employment, internships and a variety of other special programs. 

Already the home to Vail High School, UA South and Pima Community College, the UA Tech Park will achieve a national milestone once the K-12 school is completed.

When Vail Academy opens its doors in the fall, the UA Tech Park will be the only university research park in the country to serve students from kindergarten through college.

“The new school will provide opportunities for even the youngest of students to see science and technology as approachable, understandable and fun,” said Bruce Wright, UA associate vice president for university research parks. “That means our youth have an opportunity that few others in the country do – to see the world of technology not as something that is mysterious and remote, but as a welcoming environment where they can be involved in many different ways.”

Professional development of teachers has long valued partnering with local universities.

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Engagement does NOT equal Learning…

February 3rd, 2010 1 comment »
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Just because students may appear “engaged” does not mean genuine learning is taking place. Gaining attention and building capacity for understanding and capability for application, are not the same process.

Certainly it helps in the classroom when students are engaged. However, engagement alone may merely inform. Genuine learning occurs when skill sets and/or real capability is enhanced.

This is why so many educational games are just that; games. They engage and entertain but do they “teach?” Remembering facts is helpful but understanding how to apply facts via extrapolation, is the higher order thinking goal.

Knowing history and understanding history are as different as knowing what certain foods taste like versus understanding how to prepare them and in fact, possessing the skill to do so.

Media fights for attention. Engagement is the goal from every direction. But there is a difference between informing and educating. Informing is a tool that facilitates the reduction of uncertainty. Education increases capability. The value-added increase of capability is achieved by blending practice with feedback that is tied to targeted outcomes.

Too much education is merely informational albeit engaging. Many in education contend rightly that technology as a tool is more engaging than traditional pedagogical practices. However, technology must be used to teach by integrating curriculum, incorporating feedback loops, and result in evaluative outcomes already agreed upon.

The bottom line is, it’s easy to engage. The challenge is to teach. Skilled educators know not only how to engage, but how to “educe” real learning from their students.

Faculty that are equipped with the pedagogical skills will then understand how to apply emerging technologies in a way that supports and streamlines old practices. Educational technologists are needed as liaisons on campuses in order to facilitate this integration.

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Brief Summary of Twitter Uses

January 29th, 2010 No comments »
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Twitter is a web-based application interface that allows users to feed the data stream with their own generated input. Because the Twitter data stream is so large now (75 million accounts by end of 2009), there are plenty of useful ways to navigate that data.

Clearly the Twitter interface can be used to add your own input for any of the following reasons:

  • To simply participate in the new phenomenon of tweeting
  • To communicate with your followers or group
  • To communicate with the World-at-large
  • To archive your online and/or offline activities
  • For branding a product or service
  • Because it’s required by a school assignment

There are many tools for adding your own content either directly via Twitter.com’s interface, or by using any host of apps that enable multiple posting inputs such as Tweetdeck.com or Posterous.com that allow for a single post to enter the Twitter stream as well as update your Facebook or Linkedin status, your blog, your photo sharing app, etc. SocialOomph.com, Tweetlater.com, others like them, offer the ability to time-delay tweet postings as well as automate replies to new followers, etc. Apps like Grouptweet.com and Present.ly enable the formation of private groups for both input and output benefits.

These multiple input apps are attempting to simplify the needs of active Internet users. Is it a sustainable model? Time will tell but for now, it’s necessary as the crowd filters out the superfluous and drills down to the preferred mechanisms for communication.

However, an important alternative to merely adding to the data stream (input) is the myriad of ways people are using Twitter to monitor the output. There are many ways to listen to the data Twitter is streaming. Reasons to listen include:

  • Simply to watch the stream as it flows by
  • To stay informed
  • To monitor trends
  • To mine data as its own resource

Actually, new apps being developed every week enable more ways to listen to the babbling data stream. Twendz.com helps focus on crowd sentiment based on user-chosen keywords. Useful for businesses who want to know what people are saying about their product, their industry, or even their competition, apps like Twendz can become powerful tools in the hands of marketers who realize the market-hive is always abuzz with the hum of communication.

Trendsmap.com allows location-based, real-time monitoring of what’s being tweeted in specific places. Take a look at the homepage and see what you can determine just from the U.S. map in general. Could be a useful tool in the classroom to teach critical thinking skills such as higher order extrapolation. Twazzup.com uniquely allows the viewing of real-time tweets according to specific keywords and displays them in a nice page that includes photos, news, and the most popular links related to that keyword. Here’s an example using Haiti.

Both TweedGrid and Monitter allow users to create dashboards of keyword-specific twitter feeds that update in real-time. There is an ever-increasing host of apps that are seeking new ways to mashup the Twitter data stream and output in some unique fashion. With Geo-location api’s added to the mix, forthcoming apps should prove to be quite interesting to say the least.

Augmenting our daily routine, whether personal, social, academic or business, is the new reality we all face. Fresh views of what’s going on around us in real-time, is sure to open our eyes to mundane experiences we’ve been taking for granted. What cool, new twitter apps have you been using to augment your real-time learning?

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Brain has more connections than particles in Universe: 100B neurons X 10,000 connections…

January 29th, 2010 No comments »
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Amazing to me that our brain enjoys more connections than there are particles in the Universe. 100 Billion neurons with 10,000 possible connections each.

Reminds me of the Quantum Computer that can consider input in parallel states of existence at the same time and therefore, can compute more possibilities than there are particles in the Universe.

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Apple’s Contribution is More than Content and Devices

January 26th, 2010 No comments »
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I read another blogger today saying the Apple’s tablet is not as important as the content and then going on about the new media subscription platforms that may appear with the iTablet to be announced tomorrow. However, I believe Apple’s intrinsic contribution of value is beyond even their innovative approach to content delivery.

Apple’s real contribution to the world of technology is their streamlining of how we interact with devices and information content. Rather than focus on a solution itself, Apple looks for answers to the most natural way we want to resolve challenges using technology. Hence, their intuitive mashup APIs and the innovative use of gestures on screens, touch-pads, and mice.

Contrast the development trends between the Industrial Age of the 19th and early part of the 20th Centuries, and the Information Age of today. With industry, electro-mechanical power was related to mass (size). More power required bigger machines. However, with technology, the speed of bits traveling on a microprocessor is enhanced by reducing the size of the chip and thereby reducing the distance traveled. This is a simple illustration, clearly, and certainly there are exceptions but I speak in general, panoramic terms.

Technological innovation trends are tending toward ubiquitous delivery and merging with our identity to the extent that human and technological are no longer separate. This paradigm has long been researched with recent discoveries unveiling the cyborg generation’s understanding that even our physical body is a  a prosthesis we have learned to manipulate.

Therefore, it should come as no surprise that nano-technology developments are seeking ways to “invade” our physical prosthesis (body, brain, etc.) to merge the electro-chemical with our electro-mechanical devices.

Body snatchers or body enhancers?

The fear of loss of privacy and the taking over of our minds by some unscrupulous person/s is certainly a peril about which to be concerned. However, the medical needs that often drive innovation, offer promise to millions who lack the mobility and subsequent lifestyle choices of the masses.

Our responsibility is great and should not be underestimated. But fear of the future should not preclude our invention of a better future. We are creatures of hope, not victims of fear. If allowed to carry out their course, cynical minds stifle and dumb down the masses to an ultimate police state existence. Critical minds create. Either may be sustainable, but which option advances human inter-contributory dependence which is what builds community?

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My Experiences in Port-au-Prince, Haiti …

January 25th, 2010 No comments »
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What a typical Haitian family owns

A typical Haitian family and all their worldly goods.

The wafting smoke from heaps of smoldering trash greets visitor to Haiti. Baby Doc Duvalier was the dictator during my first visit in 1984. The dreaded Toto Makut (Duvalier’s feared secret police force) were in charge back then. During my next few visits, Aristide was President. And Preval was in command the last time I traveled to this poorest country in the Western hemisphere.

I’ve read Haitian Lore, studied the Haitian Creole language, brought Haitians to the U.S. for first-time visits, and helped an American family adopt Haitian children.

Do you know what small children do in such poor places? They laugh and play just like children in the rest of the world (only their playgrounds are strewn with unpleasant sights, sounds, and smells that I will not mention here).

I can never forget the impressions on my senses, the friends I made, the closeness I feel to the people I met. Here are some tidbits of what I learned from my Haitian brothers and sisters…

Haitians are a proud people. They are the only slave culture to have fought and won their own freedom; and they won by fighting Napoleon’s forces! And yes, it’s true – as every Haitian will tell you – that the war for freedom began by way of a midnight pact with the devil and a pig sacrifice.

Five hundred thousand slaves revolted against 50,000 French landowners. Napoleon’s Navy came to the rescue. But the Native guerrilla warfare coupled with Captain Malaria (as it was called by the French forces), defeated the effort and caused a full retreat.

Remember the 4 year embargo we put Haiti under while Aristide fell victim to the first military coup? Residents of Haiti received no electricity or fuel (reserved for military use) and around 300,000 Haitians were killed by anti-Aristide mobs who shot first and asked questions later. You were guilty if you had any association with a Rooster (Aristide’s symbol during his election – much like our democratic donkey or republican elephant symbols). It was easy to get rid of your pesky neighbor in those days by just drawing a rooster outline on their dwelling and calling for the death squad.

My own contacts were in danger for just receiving a letter from America. I remember getting a call one day from my friend telling me in a quick whisper not to contact him until the political situation cleared up. Soon after, he was imprisoned for a month or so. I won’t repeat how people are treated in prison there. He was about to be executed himself when some man dressed in white walked in, vouched for him, and left. To this day he doesn’t know who it was.

The General Hospital in Port-au-Prince is nothing like what most folks imagine. When the media portrays it as being in devastation because of the earthquake, well, they should have seen it before the earthquake. Intensive care meant you would receive an IV of saline solution. General care included two servings per day of corn meal mush (assuming you had the money to pay for it).

Pay as you go is the rule in Haiti. I saw one patient in gown laying in the rubble out back of the Hospital. I asked why and was told he had no more money to pay for a bed inside. Bad for him. Good for the next person waiting amidst the pressing crowd at the heavily-guarded, front gate.

But don’t criticize too harshly. Most of us don’t really understand true poverty. We may be familiar with lack but not destitution. Oh, the stories I could tell. The strange and unusual occurrences, experiences, phenomena, and the like. There’s really no place like Haiti. I wouldn’t trade my experiences there for anything. It was altogether to wonderful. Too impactful (a word I make up for an experience I can’t adequately express).

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Redefining-the-wireless-experience (video) … Teachers prepare!

January 25th, 2010 No comments »
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<html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml”><body xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml”><div xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml”>

The ubiquitous access to real-time data streaming will augment every facet of our daily lives from travel to shopping, from education to communication. Get ready. We’re on a collision course. ;-)

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Tomorrow’s Web is trending: Social, Media-rich, Ubiquitous, and Computer-free

January 24th, 2010 No comments »
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Ben Parr

About 6 hours ago Ben Parr

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What the Web of Tomorrow Will Look Like: 4 Big Trends to Watch

The Social Analyst is a weekly column by Mashable Co-Editor Ben Parr, where he digs into social media trends and how they are affecting companies in the space.

Did you know that it’s been nearly twenty years since the first website was placed online? Have you ever thought about how the Internet and the web have evolved in time?

Ponder it: the Internet, a complex series of interconnected networks, protocols, servers, cables, and computers, has evolved from its early days as U.S. Department of Defense research project into the foundation for the World Wide Web, what we use today to interact with one another via browsers, email, Twitter, Skype (Skype

), and millions of other online tools.

As we approach the imminent launch of the Apple Tablet and analyze new trends coming out of out of this year’s Consumer Electronics Show (our full coverage), now is good time to reflect on what the web will look like in the next decade — and beyond.

I have four big predictions to share for what the web will look like in the near future. This is what I expect in the evolution of our online lives:

1. The Web Will Be Accessible Anywhere

Our society couldn’t operate today without Wi-Fi, but it didn’t become prevalent until the early to mid-2000s. Before that, we used Ethernet cables and before that, our primary method of connecting to the web was via phone lines. Every few years, our method of accessing the web changes to be faster and more accessible.

Two things make me believe that the web will be accessible from anywhere and at any time: the rise of wireless 3G and 4G networks and the likelihood for nationwide Wi-Fi to blanket the U.S. and beyond.

Let’s first talk about 3G: since its introduction in the early 2000s, it has quickly spread to major cities worldwide. Accessing the web is now as simple as pulling out your smartphone, and it’s getting faster with the introduction of 4G networks and 4G phones. The Apple Tablet is even rumored to have a data plan on Verizon and AT&T’s 3G networks. More and more laptops come with built-in 3G access as well.

Nationwide Wi-Fi is the more exciting prospect, though. In 2008, the FCC had an auction for for the 700 MHz wireless spectrum. A lot of attention was focused on that auction when Google (Google

) joined as a multi-billion dollar bidder. Some speculated that Google wanted to turn the spectrum into a nationwide Wi-Fi network. While Verizon eventually won, a nationwide Wi-Fi network is still very possible and, in fact, seems logical given the direction of web technology today.

The point is that more devices will have access to these networks and that these networks will be more prevalent as time goes on. Ten to twenty years down the road, people will wonder how we managed with laptops disconnected from a Wi-Fi or 4G signal.

2. Web Access Will Not Focus Around the Computer

In a column on CNN earlier this month, Mashable’s Adam Ostrow explored one of the biggest trends at CES: the embedding of the web outside of the computer . At present, we focus our Internet use in the U.S. on our laptops. In Japan though, many more access the web primarily through their phones, a trend that is just beginning to sweep the states.

This is just the beginning. New Internet-enabled TVs will allow us to browse from the living room and soon our cars will become Wi-Fi hotspots.


The Apple Tablet looks to be the next stage of this evolution. Rumor has it that not only is the device going to have 3G access, but Apple envisions it is a shared piece of hardware among the family. Instead of having to jump onto the computer to check your email, you can just have your girlfriend or boyfriend pass you the tablet to check out what’s going on.

In ten years, computers will only be a small percentage of how we use our web. We’re going to be accessing it from nearly every device and appliance we own.

3. The Web Will Be Media-Centric

The time of text-based interactions is going to diminish until they’re just a minor component of our web experience. Yes, we will always write, blog, and tweet, but as more and more devices adopt touchscreen interfaces and alternatives to the keyboard and mouse (it’s already happening), our reliance on videos from YouTube (YouTube

) and Hulu (Hulu

), social games like FarmVille, and interactive interfaces like the iPhone OS will grow rapidly.

Here are some of my thoughts on how I think this media-centric web will come to be:

– Voice-to-text technology will be a major part of the media-centric web. The technology isn’t accurate enough to use daily yet, but devices like the Nexus One are pushing its limits. In a decade or two, it’ll be accurate enough to be a viable replacement to our keyboards.


- Interfaces that rely on motions are going to be more important to computing and the media-focused web. Apple popularized phone touchscreen interfaces, and the Tablet has a good shot and popularizing that type of interface on larger-sized screens. While we have a lot more to figure out before touchscreens are popularized on the desktop, I do think it’s time isn’t far away. I look forward to abandoning the old mouse and keyboard interface.

- In the future, you won’t even have to touch the screen. HP’s “Wall of Touch” actually doesn’t require users to touch the screen in order to interact with it, and Microsoft’s Project Natal looks to turn gaming into a controller-less experience. This is the future.

- These interfaces simply make it easier to bring up images, videos, music, and other multi-media. It’s not about keyboard commands, but about apps, drag-and-drop, and having an immersive experience.

4. Social Media Will Be Its Largest Component


Stats published by Nielsen show that social media usage has increased by 82% in the last year, an astronomical rise. Facebook (Facebook

), Twitter (Twitter

), YouTube, blogs, and social interaction are becoming the focus of our online interactions, even more than search.

We’re social creatures, so it was only a matter of time until we figured out how to make the web an efficient medium for communication, sharing, and forging friendships. Now that we’re finally implementing the social layer though, it’s tough to find a scenario where the rise of social media doesn’t continue.

In ten years, when you access the web, most of the time you spend will be to connect with your friends. Almost all of that will be on social networks and through social media. It will be the #1 reason why we ever pull out our phones, tablets, or computers.

Educators need to consider how teaching will be effected in future classrooms whether online, f2f, or augmented. Mobile delivery will be expected and assumed. Are schools preparing for the new model?

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